8. Pressures - Environmental and Socioeconomic Impacts
There are several factors that affect the coastal environment of Sierra Leone (Tab. 8.1). Seven different pressures were assessed during the workshop. How they impact the condition of the marine environment, and their socio-environmental impacts (Fig. 8.1).
Table 8.1: Significance of factors affecting the coastal environment of Sierra Leone
| Issue | Significance | Remarks |
|
Manufacturing industries Recreation and tourism Fishing Industry Development of urban settlements Harbour infrastructure Transport Road infrastructure Climate change vulnerability Agriculture Oil and gas exploration
|
Moderately high High High Moderately high High
High
|
WHO standards GCLME reports NBSAP reports Fisheries reports
IPCC 5th assessment
|
Assessment of environmental pressures and socio-economic benefits
| Composante | Info | Pression sur l'environnement | Avantages socio-économiques | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Élevé | Signi- ficatif | Mod- éré | Faible | Peu/ aucun | Quelques-uns | Signi- ficatif | Élevé | ||
| Artisanal fisheries | Environmental pressures: Impacts of line-fishing, trawling etc on harvest on population size and structure, impacts on non-target species, impacts on habitat, Socio-economic benefits: Communities dependent on fisheries, taxes, employment | Recent trend: Stable | Recent trend: Stable | ||||||
| Industrial fisheries | Environmental pressures: Impacts of live-fish fishing, trawling etc on harvest on population size and structure, impacts on non-target species, impacts on habitat, Socio-economic benefits: Communities dependent on fisheries, taxes, employment | Recent trend: Stable | Recent trend: Stable | ||||||
| Shipping | Environmental pressures: Pests and results of shipwrecks, Socio-economic benefits: Communities, taxes and employment | Recent trend: Stable | Recent trend: Improving | ||||||
| Ports and harbour infrastructure | Environmental pressures: Land development, dredging and pollution, Socio-economic benefits: Communities, employment taxes, communications and access to goods | Recent trend: Stable | Recent trend: Improving | ||||||
| Submarine cables and pipelines | Environmental pressures: - , Socio-economic benefits: Communications, phone access, power, oil and gas supply | Recent trend: Unclear | Recent trend: Unclear | ||||||
| Offshore mining industries | Environmental pressures: Includes sand and gravel aggregate extraction; offshore diamonds?, Socio-economic benefits: Communities, employment, taxes | Recent trend: Stable | Recent trend: Declining | ||||||
| Other pressures | Environmental pressures: Loss of habitat, slope stability and protection, biodiversity, low water quality, hazardous chemicals, ore spills, Socio-economic benefits: Reduction of access to natural resources by local peoples, displacement of IPs, loss of ancestral domain | Recent trend: Declining | Recent trend: Declining | ||||||
| Niveaux de pression environementale | Élevé | Significatif | Modéré | Faible | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Niveaux des avantages socio-économiques | Peu/ aucun | Quelques-uns | Significatif | Élevé | |
| Tendances récentes | Amélioration | Stable | En déclin | Peu clair | Non disponible |
